Commentary for Niddah 23:3
כל הן דתנינן תשב לזכר ולנקיבה י"ד טמאים וכ"ו טהורין נותנין עליה חומרי זכר וחומרי נקיבה הדא דאת אמר לביתה אבל לטהרות תשב לנקיבה: טומטום וזכר אנדרוגינס וזכר תשב לזכר ולנקיבה וחוששין לזכר טומטום ונקיבה אנדרוגינס ונקיבה תשב לנקיבה בלבד ואין חוששין לזכר הדא אמרה ילדה זכר ונקיבה או נקיבה וזכר תשב לנקיבה מחותך שיצא ראשו מהו רבי יסא אמר איתפלגון רבי יוחנן ורבי לעזר רבי יוחנן אמר ראשו כרובו רבי לעזר אמר ראשו כאחד מאיבריו מתניתא פליגא על רבי יוחנן יצא מחותך או מסורס משיצא רובו הרי זה כילוד פתר לה בשיצא ראשו
R. Chiya taught: "And you should take for you" (Leviticus 23:40), of your's and not stolen. R. Levi said, one who takes a stolen <i>lulav</i>, to what is he similar? To one who gave the king food from his own [the king's] storehouses. They said, woe is he who's defender becomes his prosecutor. A <i>shofar</i> [which belongs to] a non-Jew, or of an idolatrous city, R. [E]lazar says [it is] Kosher. R. Chiya taught that it is Kosher, R. Hoshaya taught it was not Kosher. Everyone agrees that a [stolen] <i>lulav</i> is not Kosher. What is the difference between a <i>shofar</i> and a <i>lulav</i>? R. Yosse says, regarding a <i>lulav</i> it is written "And you should take for you", from your's, and not from that which is forbidden to benefit from. However, here [regarding a <i>shofar</i>] it is written "A day of trumpeting should be for you," (Numbers 29:1) from any place. R. [E]lazar said, there [regarding a <i>lulav</i>]. he does the <i>mitzva</i> with its body, however here [regarding a <i>shofar</i>], he does the <i>mitzva</i> with its sound. And is there any sound which is forbidden to benefit from? What is the dispute? When he stole an unprepared <i>shofar</i>. If he stole it and prepared it, he only owes him money. He stole a prepared <i>lulav</i> from here, a myrtle from there, and a willow from there and bound them together. We can learn it from the stolen <i>sukkah</i>. There are those who teach that it is Kosher and there are those who teach that it is not Kosher. R. Simon in the name of R. Yehoshua b. Levi [say], those who said that it is Kosher, it is when he stole the land. The one who said it is not Kosher is when he stole the foliage. And is it possible for him not to tie the foliage [and in doing so acquire it]? Yes, he puts it down on top. The Rabbis of Caesarea said in the name of R. Yochanan, either way, it is not Kosher. Which thing that is stolen is invalid?
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