Talmud Jerusalem
Talmud Jerusalem

Talmud for Ma'asrot 1:1

משנה כלל אמרו במעשרות כל שהוא אוכל ונשמר וגידוליו מן הארץ חייב במעשרות. ועוד כלל אחר אמרו כל שתחילתו אוכל וסופו אוכל אע"פ ששימרו להוסיף אוכל חייב קטן וגדול וכל שאין תחילתו אוכל אבל סופו אוכל אינו חייב עד שיעשה אוכל:

From when may one recite Shema in the evening? From the time the Kohanim go in to eat their Terumah (produce consecrated for priestly consumption). Until the end of the first watch, says Rabbi Eliezer. And the Sages say: Until [astronomical] midnight. Rabban Gamliel says: Until the break of dawn. It once happened that his [Rabban Gamliel’s] sons came from a house of feasting. They said to him: We have not recited Shema. He to them: If dawn has not broken, you are obligated to recite it. And it is not only in this case that they said it! Rather, in all cases where the Sages said "only until midnight," the obligation remains until the break of dawn. [e.g.] Burning the fats and limbs [of the sacrifices, on the Temple altar] — the obligation is until the break of dawn. [e.g.:] All [sacrifices] which may be eaten for one day — the obligation is until the break of dawn. If that is so, why did the Sages say, "until midnight?" To distance a person from transgression.

Jerusalem Talmud Sukkah

MISHNAH: A robbed or dried up etrog70The Persian name of cedrat, citrus medica, identified as “fruit of the Hadar tree”. is disqualified. Of an ashera2A tree worshipped as a pagan deity, forbidden for all use. or a seduced city3An apostate city practicing idolatry which has to be destroyed and all its property burned, forbidden for all usufruct, Deut13:13–18., it is disqualified. Of `orlah71An edible fruit produced during the first three years of the tree’s planting, forbidden for all usufruct., it is disqualified. Of impure heave72Forbidden as fruit, must be burned., it is disqualified; of pure one should not take73Since by biblical commandment heave and Second Tithe in Jerusalem have to be consumed. but if he took it is qualified. Of demay68Produce of the Land of which one may be sure that heave was taken but probably not tithes (nor heave of the tithe). Cf Introduction to Tractate Demay., the House of Shammai disqualify74Since they do not permit demay to be given even to the poor without separating the heave of the tithe, it is not edible at this moment. but the House of Hillel qualify; of Second Tithe in Jerusalem73Since by biblical commandment heave and Second Tithe in Jerusalem have to be consumed. one should not take but if he took it is qualified.
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