Berakhot 21

Chapter 21

א הָתִיבוּן הֲרֵי הַבְדָּלָה. שַׁנְיָיא הִיא. דָּמַר רִבִּי בָּא בַּר זַבְדָּא רִבִּי הָיָה מְפַזְּרָן וְחוֹזַר וְכוֹלְלָן עַל הַכּוֹס. רִבִּי חִיָיא רַבָּא הָיָה מְכַנְּסָן.
1 They objected: There is <i>Havdalah</i>. There is a difference since Rebbi Abba bar Zavda said that Rebbi was dispersing them and collecting them on the cup. The great Rebbi Ḥiyya was collecting them.
ב הָתִיבוּן הֲרֵי נְבָרֵךְ. שַׁנְיָיא הִיא. שֶׁאִם הָיוּ שְׁנַיִם יוֹשְׁבִין וְאוֹכְלִין שֶׁאֵינָן אוֹמְרִים נְבָרֵךְ. הֲרֵי הַזָּן אֶת הַכֹּל. קַשְׁיָא.
2 They objected: There is <i>Nevarekh</i>. There is a difference, because if there were two sitting together and eating they would not say <i>Nevarekh</i>. There is “He Who feeds all”; that is difficult.
ג הֲרֵי הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב. שַׁנְיָיא הִיא. דָּמַר רַב הוּנָא מִשֶּׁנִּיתְּנוּ הֲרוּגֵי בֵיתַר לִקְבוּרָה נִקְבְעָה הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב. הַטּוֹב שֶׁלֹּא נִסְרְחוּ. וְהַמֵּטִיב שֶׁנִּיתְּנוּ לִקְבוּרָה.
3 There is “He Who is good and does good”. There is a difference since Rav Ḥuna said: When permission was received to bury the slain of Bethar, “He Who is good and does good” was fixed, “He Who is good” because they did not rot, “He Who does good” because permission was received to bury them.
ד הָא קִדּוּשָׁה. שַׁנְיָיא הִיא. שֶׁאִם הָיָה יוֹשֵׁב וְשׁוֹתֶה מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם וְקִדַּשׁ עָלָיו הַיּוֹם שֶׁאֵינוֹ אוֹמֵר בּוֹרֵא פְרִי הַגָּפֶן. וְהָא סוֹפָהּ. אָמַר רִבִּי מָנָא טוֹפֶס בְּרָכוֹת כַּךְ הוּא. אָמַר רִבִּי יוּדָן מַטְבֵּעַ קָצַר פּוֹתֵחַ בָּהֶן בְּבָרוּךְ וְאֵינוֹ חוֹתֵם בָּהֶן בְּבָרוּךְ. מַטְבֵּעַ אָרוֹךְ פוֹתֵחַ בּוֹ בְּבָרוּךְ וְחוֹתֵם בְּבָרוּךְ.
4 There is <i>Qiddush</i>. There is a difference since if one was sitting and drinking when it still was day and the holy day came upon him, he does not say “Creator of the fruit of the vine.” But there is its final sentence? Rebbi Mana said, the type of benedictions is like that. Rebbi Yudan said: A short form starts with “Praised” and does not end with “Praised”, a long form starts with “Praised” and ends with “Praised”.
ה כָּל הַבְּרָכוֹת אַחַר חִיתוּמֵיהֶן אֵין אוֹמְרִין בְּרָכָה פָסוּק. הָתִיב רִבִּי יִצְחָק בֵּרִבִּי אֶלְעָזָר קוֹמוֹי רִבִּי יוֹסֵה מִכֵּיוָן דְּתֵימַר אַחַר חִיתוּמֵיהֶן אֵין אוֹמְרִין בְּרָכָה פָסוּק. אָמְרִין חֲכִימֵי הָדֵין טַלְיָיא דְּהוּא סָבַר מַהוּ אַחַר חִיתוּמֵיהֶן שֶׁאִם הָיָה עוֹמֵד בְּשַׁחֲרִית וְשָׁכַח וְהִזְכִּיר אֶת שֶׁל עַרְבִית וְחָזַר וְחָתַם בְּשֶׁל שַׁחֲרִית יָצָא. אָמַר רִבִּי אָחָא כָּל הַבְּרָכוֹת כְּעֵין חוֹתְמוֹתֵיהֶן. וְאִילֵּין דְּאָמְרִין צַהֲלִי וְרֹנִי יוֹשֶׁבֶת צִיּוֹן וְגוֹמֵר אֵין בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם בְּרָכָה פָּסוּק.
5 All benedictions after their seals; one does not say a verse as benediction. Rebbi Isaac ben Rebbi Eleazar objected before Rebbi Yose: Because you say after their seals, one does not say a verse as benediction? They said, that young man is intelligent because he thinks! What is the meaning of “after their seals”? It is that when he was standing in the morning prayer and forgot and mentioned the text of evening prayers but he caught himself and finished with the text of morning prayers, then he did his duty. Rebbi Aḥa said, all benedictions in the kind of their seals. But those who say (<i>Is.</i> 12:6): “Jubilate and sing, inhabitant of Zion …” do not violate the rule that no benediction is a verse.
ו <strong><big>משנה:</big></strong> מַזְכִּירִין יְצִיאַת מִצְרַיִם בַּלֵּילוֹת. אָמַר לָהֶן רִבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן עֲזַרְיָה הֲרֵי אֲנִי כְּבֶן שִׁבְעִים שָׁנָה וְלֹא זָכִיתִי שֶׁתֵּאָמַר יְצִיאַת מִצְרַיִם בַּלֵּילוֹת עַד שֶׁדְּרָשָׁהּ בֶּן זוֹמָא שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר לְמַעַן תִּזְכּוֹר אֶת יוֹם צֵאתְךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם כֹּל יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ. יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ הַיָּמִים. כֹּל יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ הַלֵּילוֹת. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ הָעוֹלָם הַזֶּה. כֹּל יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ לְהָבִיא לִימוֹת הַמָּשִׁיחַ.
6 <strong>MISHNAH:</strong> One must mention the Exodus in the night. Rebbi Eleazar ben Azariah said to them: Here I am about 70 years old and I could not succed in proving that the Exodus must be mentioned every night until Ben Zoma derived it from the verse (<i>Deut.</i> 16:3): “… that you should remember the day of your leaving Egypt the entire days of your life.” The days of your life - the days. The entire days of your life - the nights. But the Sages say, the days of your life - this world; The entire days of your life - this includes the times of the Messiah.
ז <strong><big>הלכה:</big></strong> אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁנִּכְנַס לִגְדוּלָּה הֶאֱרִיךְ יָמִים. הֲדָא אָמְרָה שֶׁהַגְּדוּלָּה מְקַצֶּרֶת יָמִים.
7 <strong>HALAKHAH:</strong> Even though he entered high office he lived long. This means that high office shortens one’s life.