Berakhot 31

Chapter 31

א <big>הלכה:</big> רַב אוֹמֵר הֲלָכָה כְדִבְרֵי שְׁנֵיהֶן לְהָקֵל. דִּלָכֵן מַה כֵן אָמְרִין סְתָמָה וְרִבִּי יוֹסֵי הֲלָכָה כִסְתָמָא. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי וְרִבִּי יוּדָה הֲלָכָה כְרִבִּי יוֹסֵי. וּמַה צְרִיכָה לְמֵימַר רַב הֲלָכָה כְדִבְרֵי שְׁנֵיהֶן לְהָקֵל. אֶלָּא בְגִין שָׁמַע דְּתַנִּי לָהּ רִבִּי חִיָיא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי מֵאִיר לְפוּם כֵּן צָרִיךְ לְמֵימְרָא הֲלָכָה כְדִבְרֵי שְׁנֵיהֶן לְהָקֵל.

1 HALAKHAH: Rav said: practice follows both of them for leniency. If it were not so, what could one say? An anonymous statement and Rebbi Yose, practice follows the anonymous. Rebbi Yose and Rebbi Yehudah, practice follows Rebbi Yose. So why does Rav have to say, practice follows both of them for leniency? Because he had heard Rebbi Ḥiyya formulating it in the name of Rebbi Meïr, he has to say that practice follows both of them for leniency.

ב תַּנִּי נִתְפַּלֵּל וְלֹא הִשְׁמִיעַ לְאָזְנוֹ יָצָא. לְמִי נִצְרְכָה לְרִבִּי יוֹסֵי. הַיְּידֵין רִבִּי יוֹסֵי הֲדָא דְתַנִּינָן הַקּוֹרֵא אֶת שְׁמַע וְלֹא הִשְׁמִיעַ לְאָזְנוֹ יָצָא. וְרִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר לֹא יָצָא. אָמַר רַב מַתָּנָה דְּרִבִּי יוֹסֵי הִיא. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי הֲוִינָן סָבְרִין מֵימַר מַה פְלִיגִין רַבָּנָן וְרִבִּי יוֹסֵי בִּשְׁמַע דִּכְתִיב בָּהּ שְׁמַע. הָא שְׁאָר כָּל הַמִּצְווֹת לֹא. מִן דָּמַר רַב מַתָּנָה דְּרִבִּי יוֹסֵי הִיא הֲוֵי הִיא שְׁאָר כָּל הַמִּצְוֹת. מַאי טַעֲמָא דְּרִבִּי יוֹסֵי. וְהַאֲזַנְתָּ לְמִצְוֹתָיו. יִשְׁמְעוּ אָזְנֶיךָ מַה שֶׁפִּיךָ מְדַבֵּר.

2 It was stated: “He who did pray and did not make his ear hear did fulfill his obligation.” For whom do we need that? For Rebbi Yose! For which statement of Rebbi Yose? For that which we have stated: “He who recites the Shema‘ and did not make his ear hear has fulfilled his obligation, Rebbi Yose says that he has not fulfilled his obligation.” Rav Mattanah said: That formulation is Rebbi Yose’s. Rebbi Yose said: We could be of the opinion that the rabbis and Rebbi Yose disagree only about Shema‘ since there it is written: “hear!”, but not about any other obligations. Since Rav Mattanah said “that formulation is Rebbi Yose’s”, it is the same for all obligations. What is the reason of Rebbi Yose? (Ex. 15:26) “Bend your ear to His commandments”, your ears should hear what your mouth says.

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