Demai 24

Chapter 24

א גַּבָּאֵי צְדָקָה בְּיוֹם טוֹב לֹא יְהוּ מַכְרִיזִין כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁמַּכְרִיזִין בְּחוֹל. אֲבָל גּוֹבִין בְּצִינְעָה וְנוֹתְנִין לְתוֹךְ חֵיקָוֹ וּמְחַלְּקִין לְכָל שְׁכוּנָה וּשְׁכוּנָה בִּפְנֵי עַצְמָהּ. גַּבָּאֵי קוּפָּה בִּשְׁבִיעִית לֹא יְהוּ מְדַקְדְּקִין בַּחֲצֵרוֹת שֶׁל אוֹכְלֵי שְׁבִיעִית. נָתְנוּ לָהֶן פַּת מוּתָּר שֶׁלֹּא נֶחְשְׁדוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל לִהְיוֹת נוֹתְנִין אֵלָּא אוֹ מָעוֹת אוֹ בֵּצוֹת. רִבִּי חֲנַנְיָה בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי פִינְחָס הָדָא דְּתֵימַר בְּמָקוֹם שֶׁזּוֹרְעִין וְלֹא אוֹכְלִין. לֶאֱכֹל אֵינָן חֲשׁוּדִין לֹא כָּל שֶׁכֵּן לְהַאֲכִיל.
1 “ The administrators of charity should not publicly announce on a holiday in the way they announce on weekdays, but they collect in private, carry it in their bosom, and distribute for each quarter separately. The administrators of the charity chest should not be inquisitive in the courtyards of those who eat from the yield of the Sabbatical year. If one gave them bread it is permitted, because Jews are not suspected of giving anything other than money or eggs.” Rebbi Ḥananiah in the name of Rebbi Phineas: That means, at a place where people sow but do not eat. Since they are not suspected to eat, <i>a fortiori</i> not to feed.
ב כֹּהֲנִים הַמְגַבְּלין בְּטָהֳרָה לֹא יְהוּ מְדַקְדְּקִין בַּחֲצֵרוֹת שֶׁל אוֹכְלֵי שְׁבִיעִית. אִית תַּנָּיֵי תַּנִּי מְדַקְדְּקִין. אָמַר רִבִּי פִינְחָס מָאן דְּאָמַר מְדַקְדְּקִין מִפְּנֵי חַלָּתָן מָאן דְּאָמַר אֵין מְדַקְדְּקִין מַבְרִיחוֹ מִן הַקַּלָּה וּמַכְנִיסוֹ לַחֲמוּרָה. טֵבֵל בְּעָוֹן מִיתָה שְׁבִיעִית בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה.
2 “Cohanim who prepare dough in purity should not be inquisitive in the courtyards of those who eat from the yield of the Sabbatical year.” Some Tannaïm stated: “They should be inquisitive.” Rebbi Phineas said, he who says that they should be inquisitive, because of their <i>ḥallah</i>; he who says that they should not be inquisitive, for he would save him from the simple sin and lead him to a deadly one. <i>Ṭevel</i> is a deadly sin, the Sabbatical year is a simple prohibition.
ג כֵּיצַד הוּא עוֹשֶׂה אָמַר רִבִּי חוּנָא מֵבִיא כֹּהֵן חָשׁוּד וּמַטְבִּילָה וּמַאֲכִילָה לוֹ. וְלֹא נִמְצָא מוֹסֵר טָהֳרוֹת לְעַם הָאָרֶץ. אָמַר רִבִּי מָנָא מֵבִיא כֹּהֵן חָשׁוּד וּמַטְבִּילָה וּמְשַׁמְּרוֹ עַד הָעֶרֶב וּמַאֲכִילָהּ לוֹ. וְלֹא נִמְצָא מַחֲזִיק יְדֵ[י] עוֹבְרֵי עֲבֵירָה. רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בַּר כַּרְסָנִי<i data-commentator="Notes by Heinrich Guggenheimer" data-label="36"></i> בְשֵׁם רִבִּי אָחָא מְשַׁמְּרָהּ עַד עֶרֶב הַפֶּסַח וְשׂוֹרְפָהּ.
3 What does he do? Rebbi Huna said, he brings a suspect Cohen, lets him immerse himself, and serves it to him. But then does he not deliver pure foods to an <i>am haäreẓ</i>? Rebbi Mana said, he brings a suspect Cohen, lets him immerse himself, watches him until sundown and then serves it to him. But then does he not support the sinners? Rebbi Simeon from Carsan in the name of Rebbi Aḥa: He keeps it until the day before Passover and then burns it.
ד <strong><big>משנה:</big></strong> הָרוֹצֶה לַחֲזוֹם עָלֵי יֶרֶק לְהָקֵל מִמַּשָּׂאוֹ לֹא יַשְׁלִיךְ עַד שֶׁיְּעַשֵּׂר. הַלּוֹקֵחַ יֶרֶק מִן הַשּׁוּק וְנִמְלַךְ לְהַחֲזִיר לֹא יַחֲזִיר עַד שֶׁיְּעַשֵּׂר. שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְעֻשָּׂר אֶלָּא מִנְיָין. הָיָה עוֹמֵד וְלוֹקֵחַ וְרָאָה טוֹעַן אַחֵר יָפֶה מִמֶּנּוּ מוֹתָּר לְהַחֲזִיר מִפְּנֵי שֶׁלֹּא מָשַׁךְ.
4 <strong>MISHNAH:</strong> He who wants to cut off greens of vegetables in order to lighten his load should not throw them away before he tithed. He who buys vegetables on the market and then decides to return them should not return them before he tithed, because nothing is missing but counting. If he stopped to buy but saw another, better, load, he may change his mind because he did not take it up.