Demai 35

Chapter 35

א <big>משנה:</big> רִבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר אֵין אָדָם צָרִיךְ לִקְרוֹת שֵׁם עַל מַעֲשֵׂר עָנִי שֶׁל דְּמַאי. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים קוֹרֵא שֵׁם וְאֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לְהַפְרִישׁ. מִי שֶׁקָּרָא שֵׁם לִתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁל דְּמַאי וּלְמַעֲשֵׂר עָנִי שֶׁל וַדַּאי לֹא יִטְּלֵם בַּשַּׁבָּת וְאִם הָיָה כֹהֵן אוֹ עָנִי לִמּוּדִים לוֹכַל מִמֶּנּוּ אֶצְלוֹ יָבוֹאוּ וְיֹּאכְלוּ וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיּוֹדִיעֵם.

1 MISHNAH: Rebbi Eliezer says, nobody has to give a name to the tithe of the poor from demay. But the Sages say, he has to give a name but does not have to separate. He who gave a name to his heave of the tithe of demay, or to the certain tithe of the poor, should not separate them on the Sabbath. But if a Cohen or a poor person were used to eat from his food at his table, they may come and eat it on condition that he inform them.

ב <big>הלכה:</big> רִבִּי בָּא בַּר הוּנָא בְשֵׁם רַב הָאוֹכֵל פֵּירוֹתָיו טְבוּלִין לְמַעֲשֵׂר עָנִי חַיָיב מִיתָה. מַה טַעַם דְּרִבִּי לִיעֶזֶר מִכֵּיוָן שֶׁהוּא יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁהוּא בַּעֲוֹן מִיתָה מַפְרִישׁ. מַה טַעַם דְּרַבָּנָן בְּלֹא כָךְ קוֹרֵא שֵׁם וְאֵינוֹ צְרִיךְ לְהַפְרִישׁ.

2 HALAKHAH: Rebbi Abba bar Huna in the name of Rav: He who eats his produce without having separated the tithe of the poor commits a deadly sin. What is the reason of Rebbi Eliezer? Because he knows that it would be a deadly sin, he will separate it. What is the reason of the rabbis? He only has to give a name but does not have to separate it.

ג תַּנִּי הַנֶּאֱמָן רָאוּ אוֹתוֹ מַפְרִישׁ שֵׁנִי. תַּנִּי לַשֵּׁנִי נֶאֱמָָן לָרִאשׁוֹן דִּבְרֵי רִבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים הַנֶּאֱמָן לָרִאשׁוֹן נֶאֱמָן לַשֵּׁנִי. הַנֶּאֱמָן לַשֵּׁנִי אֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן לָרִאשׁוֹן. מַה טַעַם דְּרִבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מִשּׁוּם שֶׁאֵינוֹ חָשׁוּד לְהַקְדִּים אוֹ מִשּׁוּם שֶׁהִפְרִישׁ שֵׁנִי חֲזָקָה שֶׁהִפְרִישׁ רִאשׁוֹן. וְהָתַנֵּינָן רִבִּי לִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר אֵין אָדָם צָרִיךְ לִקְרוֹת שֵׁם לְמַעֲשֵׂר עָנִי שֶׁל דְּמַאי. הָא שֵׁנִי צָרִיךְ מַה אִם שֵׁנִי שֶׁאֵין לְרַבּוֹ טוֹבַת הֲנָיָיה צָרִיךְ לְהַפְרִישׁ. רִאשׁוֹן שֶׁיֵּשׁ לְרַבּוֹ טוֹבַת הֲנָיָיה לֹא כָל שֶׁכֵּן.

3 It was stated: He is trustworthy if they saw him separate the Second Tithe. It was stated: For the Second, he is trustworthy for the First, the words of Rebbi Eliezer. But the Sages say, if he trustworthy for the First, he is trustworthy for the Second. He who is trustworthy for the Second is not trustworthy for the First. What is the reason of Rebbi Eliezer? Is it because he is not suspected of advancing the tithe, or because if he separated the Second it is a standing presumption that he separated the First? But did we not state: “Rebbi Eliezer says, nobody has to give a name to the tithe of the poor from demay.” Hence, for the Second it is needed. Since he has to separate the Second, on which the owner earns no goodwill he certainly will separate the First, on which he earns goodwill!

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