Peah 42

Chapter 42

א הָתִיב רִבִּי יַעֲקֹב בַּר אִידִּי קוֹמֵי<i data-commentator="Notes by Heinrich Guggenheimer" data-label="40"></i> רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ וְהָתַנֵּינָן רָאָה אֶת הַמְּצִיאָה וְנָפַל לוֹ עָלֶיהָ וּבָא אַחֵר וְהֶחֱזִיק בָּהּ זֶה שֶׁהֶחֱזִיק בָּהּ זָכָה בָהּ. אָמַר לֵיהּ תִּיפְתָּר בְּשֶׁלֹּא אָמַר יִזְכּוּ לִי אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁלִּי. וְהָתַנִּי נָפַל לוֹ עָלֶיהָ פִירֵס טַלִּיתוֹ עָלֶיהָ מַעֲבִירִין אוֹתָהּ מִמֶּנָּהּ. אָמַר לֵיהּ עוֹד הִיא בְּשֶׁלֹּא אָמַר יִזְכּוּ לִי אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁלִּי. וְהָתַנִּי רִבִּי חִיָיא שְׁנַיִם שֶׁהָיוּ מִתְכַּתְּשִׁין עַל הָעוֹמֶר וּבָא עָנִי אַחֵר וַחֲטָפוֹ מִלִּפְנֵיהֶן זָכָה בּוֹ. אָמַר לֵיהּ עוֹד הִיא בְּשֶׁלֹּא אָמַר יִזְכּוּ לִי אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת.
1 Rebbi Jacob bar Idi objected before Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish. Did we not state: (Mishnah <i>Baba Meẓi‘a</i> 1:4) “If somebody saw a find and fell on it, when another person came and grabbed it, he who grabbed it had the rights to it?” He answered him: Explain it if the first one did not say that his four cubits should acquire it for him. But did we not state: “If he fell on it or spread his talith on it, one removes him from it?” He said to him, that is the same, if he did not say that his four cubits should acquire it for him. But did not Rebbi Ḥiyya state: (Tosephta <i>Peah</i> 2:2) “If two were pushing one another because of a sheaf and another poor person came and grabbed it from before them, he is entitled to it. He said to him, it is the same, he did not say that his four cubits should acquire it for him.
ב אָמַר רִבִי יָסָא אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן זוֹ בְגִיטִּין מַה שֶׁאֵין כֵּן בְּמַתָּנָה. רוּבָּהּ דְּרִבִּי יוֹחָנָן וְרוּבָּהּ דְּרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ. רוּבָּהּ דְּרִבִּי יוֹחָנָן מַה אִם מְצִיאָה שֶׁאֵינוֹ זוֹכֶה בָּהּ מִדַּעַת אַחֵר הֲרֵי הוּא זוֹכֶה בָהּ בְּתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת. מַתָּנָה שֶׁהוּא זוֹכֶה בָהּ מִדַּעַת אַחֵר לֹא כָּל שֶׁכֵּן. רוּבָּהּ דְּרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ מַה אִם מַתָּנָה שֶׁאֵינוֹ זוֹכֶה בָּהּ בְּתוךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת הֲרֵי הוּא זוֹכֶה בָּהּ מִדַּעַת אַחֵר. מְצִיאָה שֶׁהוּא זוֹכֶה בָהּ בְּתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת לֹא כָּל שֶׁכֵּן.
2 Rebbi Yasa said in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: That refers to divorce documents, but it does not apply to a gift. Rebbi Joḥanan adds something, Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish adds something. Rebbi Joḥanan adds something. Since a find which cannot be acquired by the knowledge of another person can be acquired within four cubits, should this rule not apply <i>a fortiori</i> to a gift that is acquired by the knowledge of another person? Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish adds something. Since a gift which cannot be acquired within four cubits can be acquired by the knowledge of another person, should this not <i>a fortiori</i> apply to a find?