Shevi'it 10

Chapter 10

א מְנַיִין שֶׁהִילְּכוּ בְיֶרֶק בִּשְׁעַת לְקִיטָתוֹ עִישּׂוּרוֹ. מִגָּרְנְךָ וּמִיִּקְבֶךָ מַה גוֹרֶן וְיֶקֶב שֶׁהֵן חַיִין מִמֵּי הַשָּׁנָה שֶׁעָבְרָה אַתְּ מְהַלֵּךְ בָּהֶן לְשֶׁעָבָר. וְאֵילּוּ הוֹאִיל וְהֵן חַיִין מִמֵּי הַשָּׁנָה הַבָּאָה אַתְּ מְהַלֵּךְ בָּהֶן לָבֹא. הָתִיבוֹן הֲרֵי פוּל הַמִּצְרִי זְרָעוֹ לְזֶרַע מִתְעַשֵּׂר לְשֶׁעָבָר זְרָעוֹ לְיֶרֶק מִתְעַשֵּׂר לָבֹא. וּקְסָמָהּ בְּיָדֵיהּ זְרָעוֹ לְזֶרַע הוּא חָיָה מִמֵּי הַשָּׁנָה שֶׁעָבְרָה זְרָעוֹ לְיֶרֶק הוּא חָיָיה מִמֵּי הַשָּׁנָה הַבָּאָה.
1 On which basis did they rule that for vegetables their collection is the time of tithing? (<i>Deut</i>. 16:16) “From your threshing-floor and from your wine-press.” Threshing-floor and wine-press are sustained by the waters of the preceding year, you go for them after the past. These live from the waters of the coming year, you go for them to the future. They objected, but Egyptian beans, if one sowed them for the beans, are tithed for the past, but if he sowed for vegetable, they are tithed for the future. Does it hold a charm [to know that] if one sowed them for the beans, they drink from the past year, but if he sowed them as vegetable, they drink from the future year?
ב מַהוּ תִּרְמְילוּ עָבְדוֹן קַנֻקִולִין.
2 What means תרמילו? They produced pockets.
ג רִבִּי בָּא בַּר זַבְדָּא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ הֲלָכָה כְרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן הַשְּׁזוּרִי. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסָה הוֹרֵי רִבִּי לָעְזָר לְרִבִּי שִׁיבְתַי דִצְדוֹקֵי כְהָדָא דְּרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן שְׁזוּרִי.
3 Rebbi Abba bar Zavda in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish: Practice follows Rebbi Simeon from Shezur. Rebbi Yosa said, Rebbi Eleazar instructed Rebbi Sabbatai Zadoq’s, following Rebbi Simeon from Shezur.
ד תַּנֵי שֵׁשׁ מִידּוֹת אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים בְּפוּל מִצְרִי זְרָעוֹ לְזֶרַע מִתְעַשֵּׂר לְשֶׁעָבַר זְרָעוֹ לְיֶרֶק מִתְעַשֵּׂר לָבֹא. זְרָעוֹ לְזֶרַע וְיֶרֶק אוֹ שֶׁזְּרָעוֹ לְזֶרַע וְחִישֵּׁב עָלָיו לְיֶרֶק מְעַשֵּׂר מִזַּרְעוֹ עַל יַרְקוֹ וּמִיַּרְקוֹ עַל זַרְעוֹ. בְּשֶׁהֵבִיא שְׁלִישׁ לִפְנֵי רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה אֲבָל אִם הֵבִיא שְׁלִישׁ לְאַחַר רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה זַרְעוֹ מִתְעַשֵּׂר לְשֶׁעָבַר וְיַרְקוֹ מִתְעַשֵּׂר בִּשְׁעַת לְקִיטָתוֹ עִישּׂוּרוֹ. בְּשֶׁלָּקַט מִמֶּנּוּ לִפְנֵי רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה אֲבָל אִם לָקַט מִמֶּנּוּ לְאַחַר רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה בֵּין זַרְעוֹ בֵּין יַרְקוֹ מִתְעַשֵּׂר לָבֹא.
4 It was stated: The Sages enumerated six cases for Egyptian bean. If one sowed it for seeds it is tithed for the past; if he sowed it as vegetable it is tithed for the future. If he sowed it for both seeds and vegetable, or if he sowed for seeds and then wanted it as vegetable, one may tithe from its seed on vegetable and from vegetable on seeds, on condition that it was one-third ripe before the New Year. But if it was only ripe one-third after the New Year, its seed is tithed for the past and its vegetable is tithed at the moment of its being plucked if it was collected before the New Year. But if some of it was collected after the New Year, both seed and vegetable are tithed for the future.
ה זְרָעוֹ לְזֶרַע וְחִיֹשֵּׁב עָלָיו לְיֶרֶק בָּאִין מַחֲשָׁבָה. זְרָעוֹ לְיֶרֶק וְחִישֵּׁב עָלָיו לְזֶרַע לְעוֹלָם אֵין מַחֲשֶׁבֶת זֶרַע חָלָה עָלָיו אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן מָנַע מִמֶּנּוּ שָׁלֹשׁ מוֹרְבִיּוֹת. בְּשֶׁהֵבִיא שְׁלִישׁ לִפְנֵי רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה אֲבָל הֵבִיא שְׁלִישׁ לְאַחַר רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה אֲפִילוּ לֹא מָנַע מִמֶּנּוּ שָׁלֹשׁ מוֹרְבִיּוֹת. זְרָעוֹ לְזֶרַע וְעָשָׂה כוּלּוֹ קְצָצִין גְּמוּרִין לִפְנֵי רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה זַרְעוֹ מִתְעַשֵּׂר לְשֶׁעָבַר וְיַרְקוֹ מִתְעַשֵּׂר בִּשְׁעַת לְקִיטָתוֹ עִישּׂוּרוֹ. מִקְצָתוֹ עָשָׂה קְצָצִין גְּמוּרִין וּמִקְצָתוֹ לֹא עָשָׂה הָדָא הִיא צוֹבֵר גּוֹרְנוֹ לְתוֹכוֹ וְנִמְצָא מְעַשֵּׂר מִזַּרְעוֹ עַל יַרְקוֹ וּמִיַּרְקוֹ עַל זַרְעוֹ. תַּנָּא רִבִּי אֶבוּדַמָא דְּחֵיפָה וַאֲפִילוּ לֹא עָשָׂה כוּלּוֹ קְצָצִין גְּמוּרִין לִפְנֵי רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה זַרְעוֹ מִתְעַשֵּׂר לְשֶׁעָבַר יַרְקוֹ מִתְעַשֵּׂר בִּשְׁעַת לְקִיטָתוֹ עִשּׂוּרוֹ. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵה וְהוּא שֶׁהֵבִיא שְׁלִישׁ לְמַחֲשֶׁבֶת זֶרַע אֲבָל אִם הֵבִיא שְׁלִישׁ לְמַחֲשֶׁבֶת יֶרֶק אֵיפְשַׁר לוֹמַר זַרְעוֹ מִתְעַשֵּׂר לְשֶׁעָבַר. יַרְקוֹ מִתְעַשֵּׂר בִּשְׁעַת לְקִיטָתוֹ עִשּׂוּרוֹ וְאַתְּ אָמַר צוֹבֵר אֶת גּוֹרְנוֹ לְתוֹכוֹ וְנִמְצָא מְעַשֵּׂר מִזַּרְעוֹ עַל יַרְקוֹ וּמִיַּרְקוֹ עַל זַרְעוֹ.
5 If he sowed it for seeds and then thought about it for vegetable, it follows his thought. If he sowed it as vegetable, the thought of seeds cannot take hold on it unless he withheld three <i>morbiot</i>. That is, if it was one-third ripe before the New Year, but if it was not one-third ripe before the New Year, even if he did not withhold three <i>morbiot</i>. If he sowed for seeds and all [plants] formed complete pods before the New Year, its seeds are tithed for the past year, its greens are tithed at the time of their harvest. If some [plants] had formed complete pods but some did not, that is the case of: “He collects it together with his threshing, it turns out that he tithes from his seeds for his vegetable and from his vegetable for his fruits”. Rebbi Eudaimon from Haifa stated: Even if not all [plants] formed complete pods before the New Year, its seeds are tithed for the past year, its greens are tithed at the time of their harvest. Rebbi Yose said, that is if it was one-third ripe for the intention of seeds. But if it was one-third ripe for the intention of vegetables, it is impossible to say that its seeds are tithed for the past year and its greens are tithed at the time of their harvest, since you say that “he collects it together with his threshing; it turns out that he tithes from his seeds for his vegetable and from his vegetable for his seeds”.