פירוש על גיטין 9:1

If a "voice" goes out about a woman that she got married and [then] divorced, we suspect the "voice" to prohibit her to a priest. Specifically when the "voice" emanated without a excuse, but if it emanated with an excuse, e.g. the "voice" emanated that got married or divorced on a condition, or he threw the marriage [money/object/document] or divorce document and it is a doubt whether it was closer to him or her, we do not suspect the "voice." If there was an excuse for the divorce but not the marriage, we suspect the "voice" of the marriage to prohibit her to the world and we do not suspect the "voice" of the divorce to prohibit her to a priest. Specifically when the excuse emanates with the "voice" immediately but if the "voice" emanated clearly and after some time the excuse emanates, it does not nullify the "voice." If afterwards it becomes clear that the "voice" was a lie, even if there wasn't an excuse, we nullify [the "voice"]. Any "voice" that wasn't upheld in a Jewish court is not a "voice" to be concerned for. (If a "voice" emanated that she was a chalutza (woman whose husband died without children her brother-in-law refused to marry her) some say we are not concerned.)

If they were standing in a public domain or in a domain that did not belong to either of them, and he tossed her the kiddushin, if it is closer to him, she is not betrothed. If it was closer to her, she is betrothed. If equidistant, or there was doubt as to whether it was closer to him or closer to her, and the kiddushin money was then lost before it arrived in her hands, she is doubtfully betrothed. How do we define closer to him or closer to her? Items which he can guard and she cannot guard are deemed as closer to him. If she can guard them and he cannot, it is closer to her. If both can guard the items or neither can guard them, this is defined as half and half.

The commandment of release from a levirate marriage is done with three Jewish judges, who must not be related to each other nor to the brother-in-law or widow. Rem"a: And even two men who are married to two sisters should not be together [in the group of three judges]. But for one of them to be the second of three [judges] is valid. And [the judges] may even be common people, as long as they know how to read to the brother-in-law and the widow. And if she was released before unknowledgeable people who do not know how to read [to them], the release is valid.