תלמוד על עירובין 6:1

There we have stated¹³⁶Mishnah 6:8. The rules which make a multi-party courtyard accessible to all parties are completely parallel to those which make a multi-courtyard alley accessible to all courtyard dwellers.: “Because the relation of the alley to courtyards is like that of a courtyard to houses.” How many courtyards must there be for an alley¹³⁷That the alley can be turned into private domain for the rules of the Sabbath.? Rav and Samuel both are saying, there cannot be less than two. Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan, even one courtyard on each side. Rebbi Aha, Rebbi Ḥinena in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan said, even a courtyard on one side and a house on the other side, a house on one side and a store on the other side. Rav Naḥman bar Jacob (asked) [in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan]¹³⁸The text in parentheses was written by the scribe; it was changed into the text in brackets by the corrector. The first text is quoted by the Sephardic Rashba (ad 12b, col. 97) but the second by the Ashkenazic Sefer Miṣwot Gadol (Hilkhot Eruvin, fol. 245a in the Venice edition). R. Naḥman bar Jacob is not known to have had contact with R. Joḥanan.: An alley cannot have less than two courtyards, a courtyard cannot have less than two houses¹³⁹There is a difference in that an alley with only one courtyard cannot be turned into a private domain but a courtyard belonging to only one one-family dwelling automatically is private domain.. An alley whose length and width are equal is not permitted by lath or beam but by planks like a courtyard¹³³Babli 12b.. Samuel asked Rav, by how much must its length exceed its width? He told him, anything¹³⁵In the Babli Rav attributes the ruling to his uncle R. Ḥiyya.. The dwellers of the Land of Israel make theirs square. If five alleys open into one alley. Whether what is standing is more than what is breached or what is breached is more than what is standing, it does not need a beam¹⁴⁰A dead-end alley with five side arms becomes permitted by beam or lath at the entrance from the public road and does not need anything for the side arms (assuming that all dwellers there participate in the eruv) even if the total length of the openings into the side alleys is larger than the total length of the walls bordering the main alley., if they are distant four cubits¹⁴¹The meaning of this clause is unknown..

A town which was destroyed¹⁵⁵But the ruins and an outline of the wall are still standing.. Rebbi Eleazar says, he walks its entirety and outside 2’000 cubits. Samuel says, he only has 2’000 cubits [from] the place of his eruv. Rebbi Abba bar Cahana, Rav Ḥiyya bar Ashi in the name of Rab: If somebody deposits his eruv in a sheep-pen or a sheep-corral he walks its entirety and outside it 2’000 cubits. Are a sheep-pen or a sheep-corral not as if houses and apartments were destroyed¹⁵⁶Sheep pens were never built for human dwelling, houses were even if now they are ruins. Since one makes Sabbath in a human dwelling, what holds for sheep pens certainly holds for ruined houses.?

HALAKHAH: Paragraph. “Two courtyards, one inside the other,¹⁶⁹Mishnah 9. All of the Mishnah except the Sages’ statement is R. Aqiba’s.” etc. Rebbi Yose said, this is Rebbi Aqiba’s since Rebbi Aqiba said, the right of access makes it forbidden ¹⁶⁹Mishnah 9. All of the Mishnah except the Sages’ statement is R. Aqiba’s.. Rebbi La said in the name of Rebbi Yannai, forbidden right of access makes it forbidden¹⁷⁰Only if the people having right of access to the courtyard are forbidden to carry in the courtyard do they prohibit the people of the courtyard to carry there. Cf. Babli 59b, 65b, 75a..