תלמוד על כלאים 1:1

But for the rabbis they are three kinds! Oats are a kind of spelt, foxtail are a kind of barley³⁹In Mishnah Kilaim 1:1, oats and spelt, barley and foxtail, are described as “not kilaim one with the other.” Therefore, they must be counted as one botanical species.. The rabbis of Caesarea asked: Did we ever state: Five species? No, five kinds. Two times two kinds are one species.

MISHNAH: Also, one may give oil olives as heave for pickling olives but not pickling olives for oil olives, uncooked wine for cooked wine but not cooked wine for uncooked wine¹¹²Olives chosen for pickling are those with too little oil for pressing. Cooked wine has lost its alcohol but became sweet.. This is the rule: All that is kilaim with another kind, one may not give as heave one for the other, not even good for bad. But all that is not kilaim with another kind, one may give the good as heave for the bad but not the bad for the good; if he gave bad for good, his heave is heave except for zĕwānîn¹¹³Kilaim Chapter 1, Note 1. for wheat because they are not food. Green melons and sweet melons¹¹⁴Kilaim Chapter 1, Notes 38,39. As noted in the Halakhah, the last statement is redundant. are one kind; Rebbi Jehudah says two kinds.

HALAKHAH: ¹⁰³The entire paragraph is in Nazir 6:10 (fol. 55c), part of it in Orlah 1:4 (fol. 61b). Not only if the heave lost volume but even if only the profane grain lost but the heave remains as it was, he mills and permits. It was stated: “The waste of heave does not combine with heave to forbid the profane, but the waste of profane combines with the profane to lift the heave¹⁰⁴If after milling, the heave without its waste would be 1/100 of the milled profane grain plus its waste, heave could be lifted..” Rebbi Vivian asked: Does the waste of heave combine with profane to lift the heave? Since Rav Huna said, the husks of what is forbidden combine to permit¹⁰⁵The statement of R. Huna refers to orlah, fruits in the first three years of a tree’s life, which are forbidden for any use and, if they disappear among other fruits, in general make everything forbidden for any use unless the permitted part are 200 times more than the forbidden. Rab Huna instructs to count in the 200 all husks, both from profane as from orlah fruit., that means waste of heave combines with profane to lift the heave¹⁰⁶If after milling, the heave without its waste would be 1% of the remainder, heave can be lifted.. Rav Huna said, the shells of what is forbidden lift what is permitted. A seah of heave which fell into 100, one does not remove zewanin¹⁰⁷Kilaim 1:1, Note 1. in it, into less than 100, one does remove the zewanin in it. Similarly, if one log of clear wine¹⁰⁸Of heave. fell into 100 log of cloudy wine, one would not remove the latter’s dregs; if one log of cloudy wine fell into 100 log of clear wine, one would remove the former’s dregs.