תלמוד על שבת 12:1

HALAKHAH: “One writes with anything,” etc. ⁴⁵This paragraph is paralleled in Šabbat 12:5 (13d 1. 29); the readings from there are noted ש.“He shall write⁴⁶Deut. 24:1: “He shall write her a scroll of divorce and deliver it into her hand.””, not engrave. “He shall write”, not dropping points. “He shall write”, not pouring. “He shall write”, not engrave; some Tannaïm state, he even may engrave. Rav Ḥisda⁴⁷In the Babli, 20a, this statement of the Babylonian Rav Ḥisda is in the name of the Galilean R. Eleazar. said, he who says not to engrave, if the writing stands out as on a denar. He who says even to engrave, as on a writing tablet⁴⁸On a wax-covered writing tablet (πίναξ), one writes by engraving. The same is true for writing cuneiform on clay tablets. Therefore, engraving can be called “writing”.. “He shall write”, not dropping points; Rebbi Yudan bar Shalom and Rebbi Mattaniah: One said, if he did not connect the points; the other said, even if he connected the points⁴⁹Even though one can produce letters that look as if written, they are not written.. “He shall write”, not pouring. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said, those Orientals are very sophisticated. If one of them wants to write a secret⁵⁰Greek μυστήριον “mystery or secret rite”. In the parallel sources the word is more appropriately the adjective μυστηρικός “of or for mysteries”. letter to another, he writes with juice of gall-nuts⁵¹This is the meaning of the expression in the Babli, 19a. But the word might also mean “apple juice, fruit juice”, from Greek μῆλον “apple, or other fruit”.. The recipient pours ink without gall over it, which is absorbed at the place of the writing⁵²If the ink is washed off the paper, the writing becomes visible.. If one did that⁵³Is pouring a fluid over a paper to make invisible writing visible an act of writing, which is forbidden on the Sabbath? on the Sabbath, what? There, we have stated⁵⁴Mishnah Šabbat 12:5.: “Writing on top of writing is not prosecutable.” Rebbi Joḥanan and Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish both said, only if he wrote ink on ink or vermilion on vermilion⁵⁵In that case, the writing has no visible effect.. But if he wrote ink on vermilion or vermilion on ink, he is guilty. Rebbi Isaac bar Mesharshia in the name of the rabbis from there: He is doubly guilty, once for erasing and once for writing⁵⁶In the Babli, 19a, this is quoted as the common opinion of R. Joḥanan and R. Simeon ben Laqish..