תלמוד על שבת 17:1

^83aFrom here to almost the end of the Halakhah there is a parallel in Šabbat 14:4 (ש); in addition the present paragraph still is available in a Genizah text (G). If these two sources present a common reading different from the text here, one may assume that the text here is in error, either by the scribe or in the text from which he copied. The colleagues in the name of Rebbi Abba bar Zavda: Anything inside of the lips one heals on the Sabbath⁸⁴In the Babli, 28a, this is the position of Rebbi Immi. Since medical practice usually involves activities biblically forbidden on the Sabbath, such as compounding medicines and ointments or surgical interventions, also healing activities which do not involve these prohibitions are rabbinically forbidden on the Sabbath. However, if a condition is life-threatening, Sabbath prohibitions do not apply. A declaration that “one heals such-and-such a condition on the Sabbath” is the equivalent of declaring the condition as life-threatening.. Rebbi Ze‘ira objected, did we not state⁸⁵Mishnah Šabbat14:4. While one is permitted to drink (diluted) vinegar on the Sabbath, one may not use it as a pain killer since this is medical treatment of a situation which in general is not life-threatening.: “A person having a tooth ache should not suck vinegar with them”? Is this not inside from the lips? Rebbi Ze‘ira did not say so, but Rebbi Ze‘ira in the name of Rebbi Abba bar Zavda: Anything inside a body cavity one heals on the Sabbath⁸⁶Babli 27b/28a, in the name of R. Joḥanan.. Rebbi Ze‘ira, Rebbi Abba bar Zuṭra, Rebbi Ḥanina in the name of Rebbi: One treats the bone of the skull on the Sabbath⁸⁷Any injury to the skull bones.. Rebbi Ḥiyya the Mede, Rebbi Jona, Rebbi Ze‘ira, Rebbi Abba bar Zuṭra, Rebbi Ḥanina in the name of Rebbi: One treats glands of the throat⁸⁸Babli 28b. The translation used here of “daughters of the ear” is an interpretation of Rashi’s explanation in the Babli: “Sinews of the ear which sometimes are lowered and keep the jaws open; then it is necessary to lift them and this is dangerous.” on the Sabbath. Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: One treats an infected eye⁸⁹“An eye which rebelled”: it feels as if the eye would leave its place. Babli 28b. on the Sabbath. There, they say in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: Tops of hands and feet are a danger⁹⁰Any wounds at these places are considered life-threatening. Babli 28a.. Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: Red color is dangerous⁹¹Dark red color of a wound is indication of a life-threatening infection.. Rebbi Abin said, one removes the sting of a scorpion on the Sabbath. Rav said, wine for exterior treatment of the eye is permitted, inside the eye it is forbidden. Samuel said, tasteless spit is forbidden for the eye on the Sabbath⁹²Babli Šabbat108b, with the names of Rav and Samuel switched. Since people sometimes put wine on their eyelids for non-medical reasons, it is permitted to do the same for minor aches for which medical intervention would be forbidden on the Sabbath. From this you infer for lichen⁹³A skin disease, purely external.. The rabbis of Caesarea said, ranula⁹⁴“Frog” (Aramaic), Latin ranula, an infection of the mouth. is dangerous. Rebbi Ḥizqiah (said) [from Acco]⁹⁵The text in parentheses is from the Leiden ms., the one in brackets from G and ש. in the name of the rabbis of Caesarea: spider sickness⁹⁶This may either describe the bite of a spider or more likely a cancerous growth looking like a spider. is dangerous. Rebbi Samuel bar Rav Isaac: gangrene is dangerous. Rebbi Jeremiah said, one can put sour dough on it on Passover⁹⁷Using leavened matter on Passover is a deadly sin but for medical purposes in life threatening situations it may be used without hesitation.. A boil is permitted.⁹⁸A boil filled with pus may be opened on the Sabbath. Rebbi Yose said, the Mishnah says this⁹⁹Mishnah Šabbat17:2. As a matter of principle one may move a vessel on the Sabbath only if it is of any use on this day. A sewing needle cannot be used for its usual function on the Sabbath but may be used to remove a thorn in one’s foot or to open a boil.: “A small needle to remove a thorn.” Otherwise, what is the difference between a thorn and a boil? Darkening of the eye¹⁰⁰This may describe a cataract or glaucoma., they asked Rebbi Jeremiah. He told them, is not Rebbi Abba available for you? They asked Rebbi Abba who permitted it to them. He¹⁰¹R. Jeremiah. G ends here. told them, also I am permitting it.

⁹⁰From here to almost the end of the Halakhah the text is from Avodah zarah 2:2, Notes 83–137. The colleagues in the name of Rebbi Abba bar Zavda: Anything inside of the lips one heals on the Sabbath⁹¹In the Babli Avodah zarah 28a, this is the position of Rebbi Immi. Since medical practice usually involves activities biblically forbidden on the Sabbath, such as compounding medicines and ointments or surgical interventions, also healing activities which do not involve these prohibitions are rabbinically forbidden on the Sabbath. However, if a condition is life-threatening, Sabbath prohibitions do not apply. A declaration that “one heals such-and-such a condition on the Sabbath” is the equivalent of declaring the condition as life-threatening.. Rebbi Ze‘ira objected, did we not state: “One whose teeth are aching may not sip¹³The vinegar would be swallowed only after it was kept in the mouth around the aching tooth for some time. vinegar,”? Is this not inside from the lips? [Rebbi Ze‘ira]⁹²Added from the text in Avodah zarah. did not say so, but Rebbi Ze‘ira in the name of Rebbi Abba bar Zavda: Anything inside a body cavity one heals on the Sabbath⁹³Babli 27b/28a, in the name of R. Joḥanan.. Rebbi Ze‘ira, Rebbi Abba bar Zuṭra, Rebbi Ḥanina in the name of Rebbi: One treats the bone of the skull on the Sabbath⁹⁴Any injury to the skull.. Rebbi Ḥiyya the Mede, Rebbi Jona, Rebbi Ze‘ira, Rebbi Abba bar Zuṭra, Rebbi Ḥanina in the name of Rebbi: One treats glands of the throat⁹⁵Babli Avodah zarah 28b. The translation used here of “daughters of the ear” is an interpretation of Rashi’s explanation in the Babli: “Sinews of the ear which sometimes are lowered and keep the jaws open; then it is necessary to lift them and this is dangerous.” on the Sabbath. Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: One treats an infected eye⁹⁶“An eye which rebelled”: it feels as if the eye would leave its place. Babli Avodahzarah 28b. on the Sabbath. There, they say in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: Tops of hands and feet are a danger⁹⁷Any wounds at these places are considered life-threatening. Babli Avodah zarah 28a.. Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: Red color is dangerous⁹⁸Dark red color of a wound is an indication of a life-threatening infection.. Rebbi Abin said, one removes the sting of a scorpion on the Sabbath. Rav said, wine for exterior treatment of the eye is permitted, inside the eye it is forbidden. Samuel said, tasteless spittle is forbidden for the eye on the Sabbath⁹⁹Babli 108b, with the names of Rav and Samuel switched. Since people sometimes put wine on their eyelids for non-medical reasons, it is permitted to do the same for minor aches for which medical intervention would be forbidden on the Sabbath. From this you infer for lichen¹⁰⁰A skin disease, purely external.. The rabbis of Caesarea said, ranula¹⁰¹“Frog” (Aramaic), Latin ranula, an infection of the mouth. is dangerous. Rebbi Ḥizqiah from Acco in the name of the rabbis of Caesarea: spider sickness¹⁰²This may either describe the bite of a spider or more likely a cancerous growth looking like a spider. is dangerous. Rebbi Samuel bar Rav Isaac: gangrene is dangerous. Rebbi Jeremiah said, one can put sour dough on it on Passover¹⁰³Using leavened matter on Passover is a deadly sin but for medical purposes in life-threatening situations it may be used without hesitation.. A boil is permitted.¹⁰⁴A boil filled with pus may be opened on the Sabbath. Rebbi Yose said, the Mishnah says this¹⁰⁵Mishnah 17:2. As explained in Chapter 17 one may move a vessel on the Sabbath only if it is of any use on this day. A sewing needle cannot be used for its usual function on the Sabbath but may be used to remove a thorn in one’s foot or to open a boil.: “A small needle to remove a thorn.” Otherwise, what is the difference between a thorn and a boil? Darkening of the eye¹⁰⁶This may describe a cataract or glaucoma., they asked Rebbi Jeremiah. He told them, is not Rebbi Abba available for you? They asked Rebbi Abba who permitted. He¹⁰⁷R. Jeremiah. told them, also I am permitting it.

HALAKHAH: We have stated⁶⁷As explained later, this is a quote from Mishnah 21:1. One may move a basket even though it only contains a stone which in itself could not be moved.: “and a stone contained in it.” In the House of Rebbi it was stated, “and food and a stone contained in it⁶⁸They disagree and hold that a stone in a basket makes the basket like a stone. Only if the basket contains something which may be moved then the stone may be disregarded..” Rebbi Jacob bar Zavdi in the name of Rebbi Abbahu: Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Joseph and Rebbi Joḥanan disagreed. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Joseph as our Mishnah, Rebbi Joḥanan as stated by the House of Rebbi⁶⁹This also is reported in the Babli 142a as R. Joḥanan’s opinion.. The Mishnah disagrees with Rebbi Joḥanan: “If the stone in a gourd-bottle⁸A large gourd which has been hollowed out and is used to draw water from a cistern. Since the gourd is light, it cannot be lowered into the water without ballast. If the ballast is a stone, which is not an implement and in itself would be muqṣeh on the Sabbath, it may be used only if the stone becomes part of the gourd as implement that in normal use will not fall from the gourd. does not fall out when used to fill, one may fill with it.⁷⁰Mishnah 6. Since the gourd may be moved when it is empty except for the stone in it, why may one not move a basket with only a stone in it?” Since it is squeezed in it it is like its body⁷¹If the stone does not fall out when the gourd is tilted to be filled with water it is safely lodged in the gourd’s wall and is part of the gourd qua bottle.. The final clause disagrees with Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Joseph: “otherwise one may not fill with it.⁷²Mishnah 17:5 seems to contradict Mishnah 21:1.” Rebbi Yudan said, since it is used as ballast, one carries the gourd on the stone. What does Rebbi Joḥanan do with this? He carries the gourd itself⁷¹If the stone does not fall out when the gourd is tilted to be filled with water it is safely lodged in the gourd’s wall and is part of the gourd qua bottle.. A Mishnah disagrees with Rebbi Joḥanan: “A person may carry his son with a stone in his hand, a basket and a stone in it,⁷³Mishnah 21:1. It now becomes a problem, why do the rabbis of the House of Rebbi permit a baby to be carried with a stone in his hand but not a basket containing only a stone?” and in the House of Rebbi it was stated, “and food and a stone contained in it.” Rebbi Cohen in the name of the rabbis there: they treated a baby like food⁷⁴Since one may move a loaf of bread with a stone placed on it, one also may move a baby with a stone in his hand.. There they are saying: they made the stone in the hand of the baby like an expert amulet in the hand of the baby⁷⁵The stone is necessary to act as a pacifier; it is no different from a toy or a charm..