משנה שבעת ימים קודם ליום הכיפורים מפרישין כהן גדול מביתו ללישכת פרהדרין ומתקינן לו כהן אחר תחתיו שמא יארע בו פסול ר' יהודה אומר אף אשה אחרת מתקינין לו שמא תמות אשתו שנאמר (ויקרא ט״ז:ו׳) וכפר בעדו ובעד ביתו ביתו היא אשתו אמרו לו חכמים א"כ אין לדבר סוף:
From when may one recite Shema in the evening? From the time the Kohanim go in to eat their Terumah (produce consecrated for priestly consumption). Until the end of the first watch, says Rabbi Eliezer. And the Sages say: Until [astronomical] midnight. Rabban Gamliel says: Until the break of dawn. It once happened that his [Rabban Gamliel’s] sons came from a house of feasting. They said to him: We have not recited Shema. He to them: If dawn has not broken, you are obligated to recite it. And it is not only in this case that they said it! Rather, in all cases where the Sages said "only until midnight," the obligation remains until the break of dawn. [e.g.] Burning the fats and limbs [of the sacrifices, on the Temple altar] — the obligation is until the break of dawn. [e.g.:] All [sacrifices] which may be eaten for one day — the obligation is until the break of dawn. If that is so, why did the Sages say, "until midnight?" To distance a person from transgression.
Jerusalem Talmud Shekalim
“Ben Gever for locking the doors.” Rav explained for the House of Rebbi Shila, “when gever called47Mishnah Yoma1:8.” as “when the herald proclaimed.” They said to him, “when the rooster called.” He said to them, did we not state “Ben Gever”? Could you say, “the son of the rooster”?
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Jerusalem Talmud Yoma
Here, you are saying, he cleans and then he burns the incense; but there, you are saying, he burns the incense and then he cleans107In Mishnah 1:2 it is stated that the High Priest first burns the incense and then cleans the lights; it is presumed that this was the order during the entire year when ordinary priests were serving. But in Mishnah 2:3 the cleaning of the candelabrum is part of the first lottery, while buring the incense is mentioned only in Mishnah 2:4 (confirmed by Mishnah Tamid 5:2). The Mishnaiot are inconsistent with another.. Rebbi Joḥanan said, this is Tamid of Rebbi Simeon from Mitzpeh108Chapter 2 follows the Mishnah in Tamid, which follows the teachings of Rebbi Simeon from Mitzpeh. Tosephta 1:13.. Rebbi Aḥa bar Jacob said, but not all of it; there are sayings questioned by the rabbis109Tractate Tamid is mostly but not totally, based on the teachings of Rebbi Simeon from Mitzpeh.. Rebbi Ḥizqiah, Rebbi Aḥa, in the name of Rebbi Abbahu: It is Middot of Rebbi Eliezer ben Jacob110The parts in Tamid inconsistent with the teachings of Rebbi Simeon from Mitzpeh are attributed to R. Eliezer ben Jacob I who is the source of most of Mishnah Middot (Babli 16a).. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, but not all of it; there are sayings questioned by the rabbis. What is the reason of Rebbi Simeon from Mitzpeh? In the morning, in the morning, when he cleans the lights he shall burn the incense on it111. Ex. 30:7 clearly mentions cleaning the lights before burning the incense.. Rebbi Aḥa, Rebbi Ḥinena in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Rebbi: The reason of the rabbis, outside the curtain of the testimonial in the Tent of Meeting, Aaron and his sons shall arrange it from evening to morning112Ex. 27:21 (badly misquoted). If the burning of incense in the evening were after lighting the candelabrum, the lighting would not be the last action in the Sanctuary before the next morning.; that there shall be only the cleaning of the lights113Babli 26a..
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Jerusalem Talmud Horayot
146From here on there is a parallel in Yoma 1:1 (38c l. 72 ff.).“One arranges for another Cohen as his replacement, maybe a disqualification of his will happen.147Mishnah Yoma 1:1. Since the entire service of the Day of Atonement is valid only if conducted by the High Priest, a replacement must be available in case the High Priest becomes impure or otherwise incapacitated. The High Priest undergoes a week of preparation for the service, to train for a very crowded program. The question then arises whether the designated backup also has to undergo the same training, possibly at the same place.” How? Does one leave them alone together? Rebbi Ḥaggai said, by Moses148In Yoma “because of”, a scribal error. “By Moses” was a preferred expression of R. Ḥaggai’s.! If one would leave them alone together, he would kill him! Him149Lev. 6:12; the offering of the High Priest starting with the day he is anointed for his office. Sifra SawParašah 3(3). The singular indicates that only one High Priest can be appointed at one time. This implies that the reserve appointee for the day of Atonement cannot have the status of High Priest unless he actually is needed.. One anoints one, one does not anoint two. Rebbi Joḥanan said, because of rivalry150He disagrees and holds that while the two could not have been anointed on the same day, they could have been anointed on different days. The rule that the back-up Cohen has lower status is practical, not biblical, as is the entire institution of the back-up..
